Shah Ismail Safavi & killings of Sunni scholars in Shiraz for refusing to curse Sahaba

Shah Ismail Safavi and killings of Sunni scholars in Shiraz for refusing to curse the Khulafa Rashideen, the close companions of Prophet (saw).

Shia scholar Nematullah al-Jazairi says in Anwar un Numania, 1/ 27:

ولما اتى اسماعيل اعلى الله مقامه الى شيراز وكان اكثر علمائها من المخالفين احضرهم وامرهم بلعن المتخلفين الثلثة فامتنعوا عن اللعن لان التقية لا تجوز عندهم في اللعن واضرابه فامر بقتلهم

When Ismail reached Shiraz, where most of the scholars there were the opponents (Sunnis); he gathered them and ordered them to curse the three caliphs, but they rejected because Taqiyyah is not permissible according to them, so he ordered to kill them.

Umar the Caliph says: Ali is my Mawla

al-Salamu `Aleykum,

I’m sure you have all heard of this incident where `Umar during his Khilafah calls `Ali his Mawla, a version of it is found in Shia books, another is found in Sunni books but I was never able to find a chain for it.

Recently, I was browsing through the book “al-Riyad al-Nadirah” and I found him quoting it without a chain, he attributed it to Ibn al-Samman in his popular book of virtues, sadly this book is lost.. another source was al-Daraqutni’s book of virtues but unfortunately as well, most of this book is lost and the part that remains doesn’t include it.

Finally, I tried looking for this Hadith in the bigger encyclopedias, I found someone attributing it to Tarikh Dimashq, luckily I found it there with two chains.

أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْبَاقِي، وَأَبُو الْمَوَاهِبِ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ، قَالا: أنا أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ الْجَوْهَرِيُّ، أنا أَبُو الْحُسَيْنِ بْنُ الْمُظَفَّرِ، نا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْبَاغَنْدِيُّ، نا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ حَكِيمٍ الأَوْدِيُّ، نا شُرَيْحُ بْنُ مَسْلَمَةَ، نا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ يُوسُفَ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ بْنِ الْعَبَّاسِ الشَّامِيِّ، عَنْ عَمَّارٍ الدُّهْنِيِّ، عَنْ أَبِي فَاخِتَةَ، قَالَ: أَقْبَلَ عَلِيٌّ وَعُمَرُ جالس في مجلسه، فلما رآه عمر تضعضع وتواضع وتوسع له في المجلس، فلما قام علي، قَالَ بَعْضُ الْقَوْمِ: يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ: إِنَّكَ تَصْنَعُ بِعَلِيٍّ صَنِيعًا مَا تَصْنَعُهُ بِأَحَدٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ مُحَمَّدٍ، قَالَ عُمَرُ: وَمَا رَأَيْتَنِي أَصْنَعُ بِهِ؟ قَالَ: رَأَيْتُكَ كُلَّمَا رَأَيْتَهُ تَضَعْضَعْتَ وَتَوَاضَعْتَ وَأَوْسَعْتَ حَتَّى يَجْلِسَ، قَالَ: ” وَمَا يَمْنَعُنِي، وَاللَّهِ إِنَّهُ لَمَوْلايَ وَمَوْلَى كُلِّ مُؤْمِنٍ

[We were told by Abu Bakr Muhammad bin `Abdul-Baqi and by abu al-Mawahib Ahmad bin `Abdul-Malik, they both said: Abu Muhammad al-Jawhari told us, abu al-Husayn al-Muzaffar told us, Muhammad bin Muhammad al-Baghandi told us, Ahmad bin `Uthman bin Hakeem al-Awdi told us, Shurayh bin Maslamah told us, Ibrahim bin Yusuf told us, from `Abdul-Jabbar bin al-`Abbas al-Shami, from `Ammar al-Duhani, from abu Fakhitah that he said:

`Ali came to `Umar while he was sitting in his Majlis (place of gathering), so when `Umar saw him he became muddled and humble, then he moved to offer him comfortable sitting place. Later when `Ali left the gathering, some of the people asked: “O Ameer al-Mu’mineen, you treat `Ali unlike anyone from the companions of Muhammad (saw)?” `Umar said to the man: “How do you see my behavior towards him?” The man said: “I notice that whenever you see him you become muddled and you humble yourself to him and move to the side that he may sit comfortably.”

`Umar said: “And what’s preventing me from doing so? By Allah, he is my Mawla and the Mawla of every believer.”]

Source: Tarikh Dimashq 42/235.

I have to admit that this is one of those clear narrations which shows how the early generations understood the meaning of Muwalat in the Hadith of Ghadeer, not as leadership but as love and closeness.

Written by Hani

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Posted here by 13S2010

Answering famous Shia scholar about Abubakr

read onFamous Shi’i scholar Ibn Mutahhar al-Hilli said while speaking about Abu Bakr:

“The Prophet (sallallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam) did not appoint him as a leader in any matter during his lifetime… And when he sent him with Bara’ah he took him back after three days. So how any sane person would accept the leadership (of whole Ummah) of someone who is not liked by the Prophet, through the revelation from Allah, for the conveying of even ten verses of Bara’ah.”

Response:

This is utter falsehood to claim that Abu Bakr As-Siddiq was not appointed as an Ameer in any matter. We are sure about the following cases:

1. Hajj during 9 AH

2. Imam of Prayer

3. Expedition towards Banu Fizarah during 7 AH

There is no dispute regarding his leadership during Hajj in 9 AH and even Al-Hilli accepted it but he claimed that he Abu Bakr (ra) was replaced by ‘Ali (ra) after three days. However there is no evidence to suggest it. Sunni sources almost unanimous that Ali (ra) was sent to announce the Bara’ah not as an Imam. In fact, Ibn Ishaq reports through Hakeem b. Hakeem b. ‘Abbad from Abu Ja’far al-Baqar that when ‘Ali (ra) reached, Abu Bakr asked him, “You have come to lead or to be leaded” [i.e. Ameer or Ma’moor]. He replied, “Rather to be leaded.” [Al-Bidayah, Seerah Ibn Hisham] This isnad is Hasan as Ibn Ishaq has mentioned his hearing from Hakeem.

Abu Hurairah (ra) was the one who used to announce Bara’ah alongside ‘Ali (ra) as it has been reported authentically from him in Sahih. Bukhari (1622, 4363,4655, 4657).

As for Imamah of Abu Bakr As-Siddiq in prayer then it is as much famous and mutawatir that no sane person would deny it.

Regarding his leadership in the expedition towards Banu Fizarah then it is mentioned by Ibn Katheer in al-Bidayah,Ibn Sa’d in Tabaqat etc and its hadith has been reported by Muslim, Ahmad etc.

Written by Muhammad Moin

Posted here by 13S2010

 

Update: Detailed article of this article can be read on TwelverShia.net:

Abu Bakr the Chief of believing pilgrims [9th Hijri year]

 

 

Shia Tafsir: Previous nations were destroyed for rejecting Wilayah of Ali

According to the Quran previous nations were destroyed because of rejecting Allah, His signs, His Message and the Prophets (as) who were sent to them. For example, Allah says in Surah Fusilat:

But if they turn away, then say, “I have warned you of a thunderbolt like the thunderbolt [that struck] ‘Aad and Thamud.

[That occurred] when the messengers had come to them before them and after them, [saying], “Worship not except Allah.” They said, “If our Lord had willed, He would have sent down the angels, so indeed we, in that with which you have been sent, are disbelievers.” (Quran 41:13-14)

However, according to Shia Tafsir the previous nations were destroyed because of rejecting Wilayah of Ali.

We read in Shia tafsir Miratul Anwar:

ولا يخفي ان هلاك الامم كان بسبب ترك  الولاية

It should be clear that the (previous) nations) were destroyed because of rejecting Wilayah [of Ali]

Tafsir Miratul Anwar, p. 188 (Scan in the end)

We read in the same book on page 161:

من سائر الآيات المشتملة على الصيحة مع ان الهلاك بالصيحة ايضا في الامم السالفة كان لعدم قبول الولاية

All the verses in which the ‘blast’ and in which the destruction of the previous nations with the ‘blast’ is mentioned, that was due to not accepting wilayah.

Some of such verses are:

[011:067]  The (mighty) Blast overtook the wrong-doers, and they lay prostrate in their homes before the morning,-

[011:094]  When Our decree issued, We saved Shu’aib and those who believed with him, by (special) mercy from Ourselves: But the (mighty) blast did seize the wrong- doers, and they lay prostrate in their homes by the morning,-

[015:073]  But the (mighty) Blast overtook them before morning,

[023:041]  Then the Blast overtook them with justice, and We made them as rubbish of dead leaves (floating on the stream of Time)! So away with the people who do wrong!

Scans:

By Kalaam

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Posted with some extra information by 13S2010